English Explanation 1. Understanding Human Society and Environment Social Science helps students to know about society, culture, traditions, environment, economy, and politics. It builds awareness about human relationships and interdependence. 2. Development of Citizenship Makes students aware of their rights and duties as citizens. Prepares them to participate in democratic processes. Encourages responsible and active citizenship. 3. Promotion of National Integration Teaches about unity in diversity. Develops love, respect, and pride for the country. Reduces prejudice, communalism, and discrimination. 4. Development of Social Values Social Science teaches values like cooperation, equality, justice, tolerance, secularism, peace, and brotherhood. Encourages moral and ethical development. 5. Understanding of Past, Present, and Future Through History, Geography, Political Science, and Economics, students understand the evolution of society. Helps them learn from past mistakes and plan for...

At the Elementary Level (Classes I–VIII) Here Social Science is taught in an integrated manner (often called EVS up to Class V and then as Social Studies – History, Geography, Civics from VI–VIII). The objectives are: 1. Knowledge & Understanding To make children familiar with their immediate surroundings – family, neighbourhood, school, local environment. To develop understanding of time, place, society, and environment. To introduce basic historical events, simple maps, and directions. To understand early human life, culture, festivals, and traditions. 2. Skills Development To develop observation skills by studying local environment, community, and people. To introduce map-reading skills, simple diagrams, charts, timelines. To develop communication and participation skills through group work, role play, discussions. 3. Attitudes & Values To inculcate respect for diversity (religious, cultural, linguistic). To develop tolerance, cooperation, empathy, honesty, discipline. To cr...

  1. Meaning of Social Science (as per NCF-2005) Social Science is the study of human society, relationships, institutions, and interactions. It includes subjects like History, Geography, Political Science, Economics, Sociology, Anthropology and sometimes Psychology. According to NCF-2005, Social Science is not just about memorizing facts and events, but about developing critical understanding of society, economy, polity, culture, and environment. It helps learners understand the past, present and possible future, so that they can become responsible citizens. 2. Nature of Social Science (NCF-2005 perspective) The nature of Social Science, as reflected in NCF-2005, can be explained as: 1. Interdisciplinary Nature – It draws from multiple subjects like history, geography, political science, economics, sociology, etc. 2. Practical and Life-oriented – It connects classroom knowledge with real-life social issues (poverty, gender, environment, democracy, inequality). 3. Normative and V...

1. Philosophical Bases of Curriculum Philosophy provides a broad vision and framework for the curriculum. It answers fundamental questions like: What is the purpose of education? What knowledge is most worthwhile? What kind of human being should the education system aim to develop? Major Educational Philosophies and Their Influence: Philosophical Bases of Curriculum Philosophy Core Beliefs Curriculum Implication Idealism Reality is spiritual and eternal. Truth comes from ideas and reason. Focus on classics, moral education, and philosophy. Realism Reality exists independent of mind. Knowledge through senses. Emphasis on science, math, and observable facts. Pragmatism Truth is what works. Learning through experience. Activity-based, practical pr...